بلا

Abstract

The leadership of the nation after the death of the Prophet  (may God bless him and grant him peace) became a question for discussion, and the Muslims’ disagreement about the nature and form of the political system and its leadership led to disparate opinions and viewpoints that resulted in themselves at one time, and at other times decreased depending on the reality of the political developments that the nation was exposed to throughout the half-century. The first of the first century AH, the seventh AD. It was expected that the debate would rage among Muslims about the Imamate in terms of nature, conditions, eligibility, and legitimacy. The transfer of the caliphate to the Umayyad sparked a dispute among Muslims over eligibility and legitimacy, which became the basis for the emergence of parties and sects, and the crystallization of opinions and ideas that later became stand-alone theories.