The Circassian minority and their integration into Jordanian society (1829-1949)

Abstract

The origins of the Circassian minority trace back to the Northwestern Caucasus region in Russia. They endured long and devastating wars with the Russian Empire during the 19th century, which culminated in a massive migration. During the Ottoman era, the Circassians headed towards the Levant (Bilad al-Sham). Today , the Circassians are considered one of the most prominent minorities in Jordan, successfully preserving their unique traditions and customs — such as folk dances, social etiquette, mutual respect, and their national identity.

    Simultaneously , they have integrated deeply into Jordanian society, becoming an integral part of its political, military , and social life. They played a powerful role in building the Jordanian state following its foundation, making them a model of coexistence and integration with other components of Jordanian society. Today , the Circassian minority in Jordan is viewed as a community that has achieved a perfect balance: maintaining their historical identity while being fully integrated into the Jordanian fabric.