Geographical analysis of the impact of climatic characteristics on the spatial distribution of vegetation cover in the Middle Euphrates governorates

Abstract

The research aims to analyze the impact of climatic characteristics on the spatial distribution of vegetation cover in the Middle Euphrates governorates, as it is considered one of the important topics in geography. Therefore, the research aims to reveal the nature of the relationship between climatic elements and the spatial distribution of vegetation cover and then determine the spatial variation of the research area. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) techniques and satellite imagery were used to extract the vegetation cover using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The arithmetic mean and simple correlation coefficient were also used. The research results showed a clear spatial variation in the distribution of vegetation cover in the research area, with the degree of climatic impact varying from one area to another. Therefore, vegetation cover is one of the important environmental indicators that reflect the state of biological activity on the Earth's surface.