Decrees of 1954: The Indirect causes of the constitutional monarchy collapse in Iraq

Abstract

The subject of the decrees that issued by the government of Nouri al-Saeed (the 12th) at the end of the royal era which eliminate the political rights and freedoms, Which is considered the core of the democratic system and without it the system been pointless , it's become complex problematic point in the contemporary history of Iraq , even some of the researchers avoid to analyze and comment in detail on their constitutional problems because of the political and socially known circumstances in Republic of tyranny , and little of Supportive documents , through the contemporary history of Iraq this subject been without title , still unrecognized and the researchers just review the facts without  analysis in their historical study , due to the sensitivity of this subject which was a hidden conflict in motives between those whom dominate on the country and those whom embraced patriotism , between those who don't see the interest of the country just through their own factional interest and outside connections , and those who want the country to be among the independent prosper  countries that depend on their own capabilities .

The importance of mentioning the decrees of 1954 with the crises that happened inside the Parliament simultaneously, also the political impact on the society, this were the direct reason to destroy the democracy in Iraq, and the indirect reason of the constitutional monarchy to been collapse , also The “Revolution” of July 14, 1958 was nothing more than the Bullet of mercy, because the implementation of these decrees emptied the democratic system of its concept and what it mean , when the executive authority which represented by the governments were led by Nouri al-Saeed exceeded the legislative and judicial authorities also did the constitutional violations , This control led to the deviation, and it opened the way to the military dictatorships to ruled Iraq for nearly half a century